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#COVID_19

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#LongCovid #PASC

From the Netherlands:

Health outcomes up to 3 years ...

"Specifically, while some health outcomes improved over time, self-reported fatigue and cognitive problems worsened between the second and third year."

thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/

Image is from latest Science for ME weekly update

@longcovid
#PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC
@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #SARSCoV2 #CovidIsNotOver

"the results from this analysis suggest among people who were tested for #COVID19, those with a positive test experienced an increased rate of diagnosis of infectious illnesses in the 12 months following"

thelancet.com/journals/laninf/

Image is from latest Science for ME weekly update

@longcovid
#LongCovid #PASC #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC
@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2
@auscovid19 #auscovid19

ICU participants' hospitalisation conferred them status as legitimate patients in ‘medically clear and understandable ways’ whereas LC participants' ‘patienthood’ was neither evidenced nor authenticated"
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10

Image is from latest Science for ME weekly update

@longcovid
#LongCovid #PASC #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC
@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2

From Germany:

Abnormal Coronary Vascular Response in Patients with #LongCOVID Syndrome – a Case-Control Study Using Oxygenation-Sensitive Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

sciencedirect.com/science/arti

Image is from latest Science for ME weekly update

Hashtags:
@longcovid
#PASC #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC

@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2 #CovidIsNotOver
@auscovid19 #auscovid19

1/

The use of oral anticoagulation at the time of acute #COVID19 infection & subsequent development of #longCOVID / post-acute sequelae of #SARSCoV2 infection

link.springer.com/article/10.1

"We found no evidence that prevalent OAC at the time of acute #COVID_19 infection was associated with reduced risk of LC/#PASC”

@longcovid
#PwLC #PostCovidSyndrome #postcovid
#CovidBrain
@covid19 #COVIDー19 #COVID @novid@chirp.social #novid @novid@a.gup.pe #auscovid19

SpringerLinkThe use of oral anticoagulation at the time of acute COVID-19 infection and subsequent development of long-COVID/post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection - Journal of Thrombosis and ThrombolysisLong COVID (LC) or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is defined as ongoing, relapsing or new symptoms/conditions persisting after an acute COVID-19 infection. Given the potential role of oral anticoagulants (OAC) in treating thrombotic sequelae of LC/PASC, we investigated whether prevalent OAC use at the time of acute COVID-19 infection was associated with reduced development of LC/PASC. Retrospective cohort study within the TriNetx network. The primary cohort was defined as adults with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. We defined OAC users as those who had received OACs (either direct-acting OACs [DOACs] or vitamin K antagonists [VKA]) in the preceding 3-months and non-users as those without OAC use within the previous 12-months. The primary outcome was a composite of 9 features associated with LC/PASC We identified 38,409 DOAC users, 19,243 VKA users, and 2,329,771 non-OAC users with acute COVID-19 infection. After successful propensity score matching (PSM), we found an increased risk of LC/PASC features in those receiving DOAC compared to non-OAC (HR [95% CI] 1.50 [1.35 to 1.68], p < 0.0001), and in VKA users compared to non-OACs (HR [95% CI] 1.98 [1.78 to 2.20], p < 0.0001), while DOAC users were at reduced risk compared to VKA users (HR [95% CI] 0.71 [0.62 to 0.81], p < 0.0001). We found no evidence that prevalent OAC at the time of acute COVID-19 infection was associated with reduced risk of LC/PASC. Further work is needed to understand whether there is a role for OAC therapy in the management of LC/PASC.

Nairobi researchers interviewed 23 Kenyans with #LongCovid and found that disabling fatigue, memory loss, & stigma—often linked to HIV—are widespread.

Many feel dismissed by doctors & turn to online groups for support & recognition.

link.springer.com/article/10.1

@longcovid #PwLC #PostCovidSyndrome #PASC #postcovid
#CovidBrain
@covid19 #COVIDー19 #COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #SARSCoV2 @novid@chirp.social #novid @novid@a.gup.pe #CovidIsNotOver #auscovid19

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SpringerLinkStigma, Chronicity and Complexity of Living with Long Covid in Kenya - Culture, Medicine, and PsychiatryLiving with a complex chronic illness can be debilitating as people are constantly negotiating new bodily symptoms, constant treatment-seeking, readjustments to identity and routine. In Kenya, millions of people were infected with COVID-19 and surveillance of Long Covid remains limited. We interviewed 23 Kenyans seeking medical care or social support for Long Covid to understand their lived experiences. Participants reported limited access to healthcare; they also described symptoms including disabling fatigue, memory inconsistencies, and acute pain in the muscle, gut, or tissues. However, we found a unique chronic illness stigma—where people did not want to reveal that they had Long Covid because they feared of being perceived to have HIV. Participants reported feeling dismissed or disbelieved by family, friends, and clinicians and turned to online social support groups like Facebook. While some appreciated clinicians who used experimental treatment, others expressed trepidation when treatments caused them to feel sicker. The chronicity and debilitating symptoms of Long Covid may cultivate a unique stigma around the condition and point to a normalization of Long Covid with other chronic conditions, despite limited treatments. A broader understanding of Long Covid symptoms and care must be expanded to include destigmatizing the condition in Kenya.

(Boston, Massachusetts)
Research study on the effectiveness of abrocitinib vs placebo for improving severe fatigue in adults with Long COVID

Image is from MassME April Newsletter

massmecfs.org/newsletters/922-

Hashtags:
@longcovid
#LongCovid #PASC #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC

@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2

medRxiv · Brainstem Reduction and Deformation in the 4th Ventricle Cerebellar Peduncles in Long COVID Patients: Insights into Neuroinflammatory Sequelae and "Broken Bridge Syndrome"Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS), also known as Long COVID, is characterized by persistent and often debilitating neurological sequelae, including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, motor deficits, and autonomic dysregulation (Dani et al., 2021). This study investigates structural and functional alterations in the brainstem and cerebellar peduncles of individuals with PCS using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetric analysis. Forty-four PCS patients (15 bedridden) and 14 healthy controls underwent neuroimaging. Volumetric analysis focused on 22 brainstem regions, including the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), periaqueductal gray (PAG), and midbrain reticular formation (mRt). Significant volume reductions were observed in the SCP (p < .001, Hedges' g = 3.31) and MCP (p < .001, Hedges' g = 1.77), alongside decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the MCP, indicative of impaired white matter integrity. FA_Avg fractional anisotropy average tested by FreeSurfer Tracula, is an index of white matter integrity, reflecting axonal fiber density, axonal diameter and myelination. These neuroimaging findings correlated with clinical manifestations of motor incoordination, proprioceptive deficits, and autonomic instability. Furthermore, volume loss in the dorsal raphe (DR) and midbrain reticular formation suggests disruption of pain modulation and sleep-wake cycles, consistent with patient-reported symptoms. Post-mortem studies provide supporting evidence for brainstem involvement in COVID-19. Radtke et al. (2024) reported activation of intracellular signaling pathways and release of immune mediators in brainstem regions of deceased COVID-19 patients, suggesting an attempt to inhibit viral spread. While viral genetic material was detectable, infected neurons were not observed. Matschke et al. (2020) found that microglial activation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration were predominantly localized to the brainstem and cerebellum, with limited involvement of the frontal lobe. This aligns with clinical observations implicating the brainstem in PCS pathophysiology. Cell specific expression analysis of genes contributing to viral entry (ACE2, TMPRSS2, TPCN2, TMPRSS4, NRP1, CTSL) in the cerebral cortex showed their presence in neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells, indicating the potential for SARS-CoV-2 infection of these cell types. Associations with autoimmune diseases with specific autoantibodies, including beta 2 and M 2 against G protein coupled alpha 1, beta 1, beta 2 adrenoceptors against angiotensin II type 1 receptor or M1,2,3 mAChR, among others, voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) are known (Blitshteyn et al. 2015 and Wallukat and Schminke et al. 2014). These findings support the "Broken Bridge Syndrome" hypothesis, positing that structural disconnections between the brainstem and cerebellum contribute to PCS symptomatology. Furthermore, we propose that chronic activation of the Extended Autonomic System (EAS), encompassing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system, may perpetuate these symptoms (Goldstein, 2020). Perturbations in this system may relate to the elevation of toxic autoantibodies AABs (Beta 2 and M 2), specific epitopes of the COVID virus's SPIKE protein and Cytokine storm of IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 in their increased numbers (1,000->10,000) Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying neuroinflammatory mechanisms, EAS dysregulation, and potential therapeutic interventions for PCS. Keywords: Long COVID, Brainstem, Cerebellar Peduncles, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Neuroinflammation, Broken Bridge Syndrome, Extended Autonomic System (EAS) ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This study was funded by OTTO Research Group ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: 2022-100867-BO-ff 1. Ethics approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Hamburg Medical Association, Germany, on September 5, 2022, under the title "MRI Biomarkers in Chronic Fatigue," by Prof. Dr. Rolf Stahl. 2. The project complies with the ethical and professional requirements. The Ethics Committee approves the project. The Ethics Committee operates on the basis of German law and professional regulations, as well as in accordance with ICH-GCP. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript

New US research:

Identifying commonalities & differences between EHR representations of #PASC & ME/CFS in the RECOVER EHR cohort

nature.com/articles/s43856-025

"These findings suggest symptom management approaches to these illnesses could overlap"

@mecfs
#MyalgicEncephalomyelitis #ChronicFatigueSyndrome #MEcfs #CFS #PwME @longcovid
#LongCovid #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC
@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2

From Australia:

"WEHI researchers have developed a drug compound that can protect mice from contracting long COVID symptoms.

The world-first study also found the compound can treat acute #COVID with better efficacy than Paxlovid"

eurekalert.org/news-releases/1

@longcovid
#LongCovid #PASC #PwLC #postcovid #postcovid19 #LC #Covidlonghaulers #PostCovidSyndrome #longhaulers #COVIDBrain #NeuroPASC

@covid19 #Coronavirus
#COVID19 #COVID_19 #COVIDー19 #SARSCoV2 #CovidIsNotOver
@auscovid19 #auscovid19

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